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What is an alkali metal?

  1. An element in Group 1 of the periodic table.

  2. The average distance between the sun and an object orbiting it.

  3. A device used for measuring current.

  4. The mass of an atom expressed in atomic mass units.

The correct answer is: An element in Group 1 of the periodic table.

An alkali metal is an element that belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table. This group includes elements such as lithium, sodium, and potassium. Option B refers to astronomical terms and has nothing to do with chemistry or elements. Option C and D refer to scientific measurements, but not to a specific type of element. Therefore, the correct answer is A.